Scaffolding


  • Multiplying and Carrying a Tens Digit

    Carrying the TENS digit in a multiplication problem is a sticking point for many students. To address this, I use a task analysis approach to zero in on the step of identifying the product for the ONES as a prelude to carrying. In the example below, 5 and 4 are in the ONES place and…


  • Sales Price Entry Point

    Sales Price Entry Point

    A pseudo- concrete representation of a sales price problem is shown below. This is what I use as an entry point for teaching these problems. The entire shape represents the total price of $80. This is 100%, which in student language is “the whole thing.” The discount rate is 25%. Cut with scissors to lop…


  • Trig Fingers

    Trig Fingers

  • Cutting Up the Math Into Bite-sized Pieces

    Cutting Up the Math Into Bite-sized Pieces

    When I train new math and special education teachers I explain that teaching math should be like feeding a hot dog to a baby in a high chair. Cut up the hot dog into bite-sized pieces. The baby will still consumer the entire hot dog. Same with math. Our students can consume the entire math…


  • Simplifying Expressions (Combine Like Terms)

    Simplifying Expressions (Combine Like Terms)

    Simplifying expressions (see photo below) is one of the most challenging algebra tasks for many students receiving special education services. A major problem is that it is typically presented as symbol manipulation…addressed in very symbolic form. My approach is to make math relevant and more concrete. Below is a scaffolded handout I use to help…


  • Introduction to Solving Equations

    Introduction to Solving Equations

    I introduce solving equations by building off of the visual presentation used to introduce equations. The two photos below show an example of handouts I use. Below these two photos I offer an explanation of how I use these handouts. First I develop an understanding of a balanced equation vis-a-vis an unbalance equation using the…


  • Graphing Linear Functions

    Graphing Linear Functions

    Graphing linear functions and the underlying concept are challenging for many students. The video below shows a scaffolded approach to teaching how to graph. This approach also addresses the concept of the graph as a visual representation of all possible solutions (see photo above). Students often do not realize that the line is actually comprised…


  • 1 to 1 Correspondence Scaffolded

    1 to 1 Correspondence Scaffolded

    I have encountered several students who struggle with 1 to 1 correspondence with the educators struggling to figure out how to teach this to these students who continue to struggle. This post reveals an approach I used with a student. I broke down the task using a formal task analysis approach. This approach involves identifying…


  • Kahoot Game

    Kahoot Game

    A Kahoot is an online and app quiz game that allows students to answer questions using a personal device (e.g. simulated phone in photo above). The teacher can create the questions (e.g. example question I created in photo above). My approach is to use a Kahoot to scaffold learning. In this post I use plotting…


  • Elapsed Time Scaffolded

    Elapsed Time Scaffolded

    The photo above shows a scaffolded handout to break down elapsed time for a student. The problem is divided into 3 parts: time from 10:50 to 11:00, time from 3:15, time from 11:00 to 3:00 (see photo below). This is based on how we may compute elapsed time by focusing on minutes then on hours.…